Why the back of the refrigerator is black?

It could be simply because the black ink is cheaper ... But the real reason is the following: there is a rule in nature that says "... a color that better absorbs heat also radiates heat better ..." This is the placement of the Encyclopedia Britannica: 
"... the proportion in which a body radiates thermal energy is related to the type of surface of thebody ..." Objects that are good radiation emitters, are also good recptores (radiation Law - Kirchhoff).Dark, epecialmente black surfaces are excellent stations, as well as thermal radiation recipients.
As the main condenser task is to radiate heat, so it is painted black to facilitate this process.