(1789-1854)
Physicist and German mathematician, was born in Erlangen, Bavaria. He was a secondary mathematics teacher at the College of the Jesuits in Cologne and Nuremberg, but wanted to teach at university.
Between 1825 and 1827, Ohm developed the first mathematical theory of electric conduction in circuits, drawing on the study of Fourier heat conduction and manufacturing the wires of different lengths and diameters used in their electrical conduction studies.
Ohm was able to formulate a statement that involved, in addition to other quantities, the potential difference: "The intensity of the electric current that flows through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit." Such a statement is still known today as Ohm's Law. These relations had also been pointed out, half a century before, by the English Cavendish, who, however, did not divulge them.
This work did not receive the well-deserved recognition in its time, having the famous law of Ohm remained unknown until 1841 when it received the Copley medal of the British Royal. Until that date the jobs he had in Cologne and Nuremberg were not permanent, not allowing him to maintain an average standard of living.
It was only after 1852, two years before his death, that he achieved a stable position as a professor of physics at the University of Munich.